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The Patent Court has territorial jurisdiction over the entire nation. Therefore, a suit seeking a review of a ruling or decision made by the trial board(Intellectual Property Tribunal) of KIPO should be filed to the Patent Court regardless of the party's domicile. Any appeal of the Patent Court's decisions should be brought directly to the Supreme Court, as the Patent Court is an appellate-level court.

The Patent Court exercises exclusive jurisdiction over certain matters as prescribed by the Patent Act, the Utility Model Act, the Design Act and the Trademark Act, and other laws including the Seed Industry Act. However, the Court's subject matter jurisdiction is limited to determining the existence or validity of a patent and other registered rights. The category of so-called patent infringement cases, where litigants seek to relieve their grievances by means of damages, injunctions of restitution of commercial credit, is referred to ordinary courts under their respective criminal or civil jurisdiction.